First+Nations

= = =Math= To view learning objectives and outcomes from the Evergreen curriculum, click here
 * Flags** - The flags on this page correspond to the location of where either a math game originated or the place an author currently resides. The main purpose of this was due to the fact that it is quite difficult at times to find Canadian and Saskatchewan content to teach in the classroom. Hopefully, by adding flags, I have taken some of the guess work out of identifying where resources are coming from.

= =

Games from the Aboriginal People of North America

The various games below had been taken from the above website. They were complied by Karen Arnason, Mhairi (Vi) Maeers, Judith McDonald and Harley Weston. The games themselves (in the pictures) were constructed by Christine Treptau.

Picaria
__Origin__: Pueblo Nation in New Mexico __Players__: 2 __Materials Needed__: Leather or construction paper - board: stones or coins - counters (2 sets of 3 per board). __Instructions__: Players take turns placing one counter at a time on an empty dot on the board. When they have all been placed, the players take turns moving one counter at a time along any line to the next empty point. Jumping over a counter is not allowed. A player wins by having three counters in a row. __Math Content__: Problem Solving, Critical Thinking __Grade(s):__ 2 - 5 approx.

For more information about Picaria, click here

Hubbub
__Origin:__ Arapaho of Oklahoma __Players:__ 2 players or teams __Materials Needed__: 5 stones (3 - stars, 2 - x's); 50 popsicle sticks or toothpicks - counters; basket (to store materials in) __Instructions__: Take turns tossing the stones that are thrown and collecting the corresponding point values. Certain patterns on the stones correspond to point values. The object is to get the most counting sticks. The game ends when all 50 of the counters are gone.


 * < Pattern Shown ||< Points ||
 * < 1 of either ||< 0 ||
 * < 2 x's ||< 3 ||
 * < 3 stars & 2 blanks ||< 3 ||
 * < 2 x's & 3 blanks ||< 3 ||
 * < 4 marked sides up ||< 1 ||
 * < 5 blank sides up ||< 1 ||
 * < 5 marked sides up ||< 8 ||
 * any other combination scores 0 points

__Math Content__: Probability, Patterns and Relations, Data Management __Grade(s):__ 3 - 6 approx.

For more information about Hubbub, click here

[[image:kutepuchkunuputuk.jpg width="200" height="146" align="left"]]
__Origin:__ Plains Cree __Players:__ 2 __Materials Needed__: 39 wood strips or twigs about 18 inches in length. __Instructions__: One player divides the sticks into two bundles. One bundle needs to have one more stick than the other. The other player needs to guess which bundle has more sticks. If the player is wrong, the two switch roles. The object of the game is to correctly guess four times in a row to win. __Math Content__: Estimation and Critical Thinking __Grade Level__: 2 - 4 approx.

For more information about Kutepuchkunuputk, click here

Stick Dice
__Origin:__ Pomo Indians California __Players:__ 2 players of teams __Materials Needed__: 6 tongue depressors or popsicle sticks used as dice; 12 toothpicks - counting sticks __Instructions__: The players take turns tossing the stick dice onto the ground and keep score using the 12 counting sticks (blue in left picture). Different combinations will score different point values. At the start of the game, the counting sticks should be on a pile on the ground. The players collect sticks from the pile until it is used up, and then collect from each other. The first player to earn all 12 counting sticks is the winner.


 * Blank Side Up || Painted Side Up || Points ||
 * 6 || 0 || 2 ||
 * 0 || 6 || 3 ||
 * 3 || 3 || 1 ||
 * any other combination scores 0 points

__Math Content__: Data Management, Probability, Patterns and Relations, Numbers and Operations. __Grade Level__: 2 - 5 approx.

For more information about Stick Dice, click here

Throw Sticks
__Origin:__ Apaches in the Southwest __Players:__ 2 __Materials Needed__: 40 stones for circle (see first picture); 3 sticks; 2 feathers (shells, sticks, etc.) for place markers. __Instructions__: Toss the 3 sticks down in the center of the circle. Move the place marker according to the points received around the stones. Each stone counts as one point. If a person's marker lands on or passes another's marker, the person passed over must go to the starting point. Different combinations will will score different point values. The first player to move around the circle past all 40 stones wins the game.

__iherugsnjdvnusrughkj__ __Math Content__: Probability, Patterns and Relations, Numbers and Operations (Place Value), Data Management. __Grade Level__: 3 - 6/7 approx.
 * ios || 10 points ||
 * 2 blank sides, 1 painted side up || 1 point ||
 * 1 blank side, 2 painted sides up || 3 points ||
 * 3 painted ssiides up || 5 points ||

For more information about Throw Sticks, click here

Ahkitaskoomnahmahtowinaopaloopakepashoh - Counting Sticks
gusrufjs__Origin:__ Plains Cree - Muskowpetung First Nation - Qu'appelle Saskatchewan __Players:__ An even number of players __Materials Needed__: 25 wood strips or twigs about 19 inches in lengh __Instructions__: The players are divided into two groups sitting opposite each other. One player begins by secretly dividing the bundle of splints into two bundles, one in each hand. If his opponent chooses the bundle with an even number of sticks they wins and gains a point, otherwise they loses and the play passes to the next couple. Play continues until one of the parties decides to stop. The group with the most points wins. __Math Content__: Odds and Evens. Students learn that odd plus even is odd, odd minus odd is even. __Grade Level__: 2 - 4/5 approx.

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For more information about Ahkitaskoomnahmahtowinaopaloopakepashoh - Counting Sticks, click here

[[image:chekutnak.jpg width="200" height="147" align="left"]]
__Origin:__ Plains Cree (Piapot Reserve) __Players:__ 2 - 10 __Materials Needed__: 4 Large sticks (2"x12") to used as dice; sticks or reeds - tally sticks (14 per person) __Instructions__: Each player before the game starts, the tally sticks (smaller - 10 points, larger - 1 point) are divided amongst the number of people playing. To being the game, each person takes a turn throwing one dice (large stick) and the person who gets a blank side up will start the game. The starting player throws all of the dice into the air and tries to score points according to the patterns (2 dice with crossed (c) patterns and 2 with straight (s) patterns) that the dice land in. If the player scores points, they collect that many tally sticks from all of the opposing players and if no points are scored, play continues to next person. The object of the game is to collect all of the tally sticks from the other players. If a player does lose all of their tally sticks before the game is over, they have one more chance to score before they are out of the game.
 * Roll || Points ||
 * All 4 painted sides up || 10 ||
 * All 4 blank sides up || 8 ||
 * 2 blank & 2 C painted || 6 ||
 * 2 blank & 2 S painted || 4 ||
 * any other combination scores 0 points

__Math Content__: Probability, Patterns and Relations, Data Management __Grade Level__: 3 - 6/7 approx.

For more information about Chekutnak - Stick Dice, click here

"Wa'lade hama'gan" - Bowl & Dice
__Origin:__ Penobscot Nation in Maine __Players:__ 2 __Materials Needed__: 6 stones to used as dice, 56 narrow sticks; 4 flat sticks (Chief sticks - feathers attached in left picture), 1 crooked stick, wooden bowl or basket. __Instructions__: The object of the game is to acquire as many sticks as possible then bankrupt your opponent. There are three phases to the game (see link below for more detailed instructions). First, players try to accumulate as many sticks as possible to create a primary pile. Second, players need to move their sticks into a treasure pile. And then the third phase of the game occurs when one player has enough markers in their second pile to bankrupt the opponent. __Math Content__: Probability, Patterns and Relations, Numbers and Operations, Data Management __Grade Level__: 4 - 7/8 approx.

For more information about "Wa'lade hama'gan" - Bowl & Dice, click here

Stick Game
__Origin:__ Blackfoot Nation in Montana __Players:__ 2 players or teams __Materials Needed__: 4 popsicle sticks to used as dice, 12 toothpicks to used as counting sticks. __Instructions__: One player holds the 4 stick dice in their hand and then drops them to the ground. This player keeps tossing until they toss a 0 point value. Certain patterns correspond to certain point values. Players take the tally sticks first from the pile then, once the pile is gone, from each other. The object of the game is to earn all 12 tally sticks. __Math Content__: Probability, Patterns and Relations, Data management __Grade Level__: 3 - 6 approx.

For more information about the Stick Game, click here

Ball & Triangle
__Origin:__ Penobscot Nation in Maine __Players:__ Individual Game __Materials Needed__: Heavy cardboard or wood; string; a large bead or ball __Instructions__: The player holds the triangle on the side opposite to the corner attached to the string. The object of the game is to get the ball to drop into the hole by tossing the ball into the air. __Math Content__: Probability and Coordination __Grade Level__: 1 - 5 approx.

For more information about Ball & Triangle, click here

Stick Flipping
__Origin:__ Plains Cree __Players:__ 2+ __Materials Needed__: Large pole approximately 18 inches long (four flat sides and two pointed ends) and tally sticks. __Instructions__: Tally sticks are divided up equally amongst the players. One player begins by stepping on the end of the stick it and making it flip into the air. If it doesn't flip, the player can try again. The score depends on the side of the stick that lands facing up. Once points are scored, the player collects this amount in tally sticks from their opponents. The first person to get all four points wins the game. __Math Content__: Probability and Data Management __Grade Level__: 3 - 6 approx.
 * Stick Side || Points ||
 * blank || 1 ||
 * marked || 2 ||
 * blue || 3 ||
 * red || 4 (wins the game) ||


 * Since this activity involves the flipping of a stick, discretion needs to be taken in regards to location of game as well as the age of the students involved.

For more information about Stick Flipping, click here

Awithlaknannai
__Origin:__ Zuni Indians of New Mexico __Players:__ 2 __Materials Needed__: Leather or construction paper to make board, stones for counters. __Instructions__: Place the counters on the game board as shown on the diagram below. The center point should be the only open spot. Players take turns moving. A player can move in one of two ways: by either moving one of their counters to an adjacent point along a straight line or jump over and capture an adjacent counter of the opponent provided that the next space is open. A player can continue jumping with a particular counter until there are no more open counters to capture. If the opportunity arises for a player to jump their opponents counter and they do not do so, they lose their counter to their opponent. The winner of the game is the player who has captured the most counters. __Math Content__: Problem Solving, Critical Thinking __Grade Level__: 3 - 6/7 approx.

For more information about Awithlaknannai, click here

String Game
__Origin:__ Inuit and Navajo __Players:__ 1 - 2 __Materials Needed__: Nylon cord or any string (approx.2 meters in length) that is melted or tied together. __Instructions__: Due to the variety of patterns in existence, the possibilities are endless. However, a list of websites with examples and how to videos can be found by clicking here __Math Content__: Patterns and Relations, Geometry, Problem Solving __Grade Level__: 2/3 - 6 approx.

For more information about Stick Game, click here

Additional Ideas
 * Counting Beads**
 * Can tie knots in the string for specific number of beads (ex. counting by 2's, 3's, 5's 10's etc.)


 * Jingle Dress Beads** - can be used as counters or manipulatives for various activities.




 * Numbers 1 to 10** - written in English and Cree and numerical value displayed in beads.

= = =English Language Arts= Saskatchewan Evergreen Curriculum: Language Arts for Aboriginal and Metis Students
 * This above link is just an additional resource to integrating First Nations and Metis Content into the curriculum throughout all grade levels.

The below Language Arts resources can be used within a variety of subjects as well as within this subject area.

Aboriginal Children's Literature Alphabetical by Author
 * Edward Ahenakew**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * Voices of the Plains Cree


 * Freda Ahenakew**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * Wisahkecahk Flies To The Moon
 * Two Little Girls Lost In The Bush
 * How The Birch Tree Got Its Stripes (also written by G. Littlechild)
 * How The Mouse Got Brown Teeth (also written by G. Littlechild)


 * Jan Andrews**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Very Last First Time


 * Kathi Appelt** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Rain Dance


 * Jeannette Armstrong**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Dancing With The Cranes


 * Jim Arnosky**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Grandfather Buffalo


 * Michael Arvaarluk Kusugak** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Baseball Bats For Christmas
 * Hide and Sneak
 * My Arctic 1, 2, 3
 * The Northern Lights & Soccer Trails
 * A Promise is A Promise (also written by Robert Munsch)


 * Dale Auger** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Mwakwa Talks To The Lion


 * Jim Aylesworth**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * One Crow: A Counting Rhyme


 * Adam Ballantyne**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Wisakyjak and the New World


 * Bill Ballantyne**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Wesakejack and the Flood
 * Wesakejack and the Bear


 * Michael Bania** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Kumak's Fish


 * Christel Barber**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * A Metis Wedding


 * Margaret Bateson - Hill** [[image:britishflag.jpg width="41" height="28"]]
 * Shota and the Star Quilt


 * Daphne "Odjig" Beavon** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Nanabush... - Ginn Reading Series
 * and the Rabbit, and Mandomin, and the Spirit of Winter, and the Spirit of Thunder, and the Dancing Ducks, punsihes the Raccoon, and the Wild Rosebushes, loses his Eyeballs


 * David Bouchard** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * An Aboriginal Carol
 * Drums Call Softy
 * Long Powwow Nights (also written by Pam Aleekuk)
 * The Elders Are Watching
 * If You're Not From The Prairie...
 * Qu'Appelle
 * The Song Within My Heart
 * The Meaning Of Respect
 * Nokum Is My Teacher


 * Jan Bourdeau Waboose** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Morning On The Lake
 * Firedancers
 * Sky Sisters


 * Eleanor Brass** [[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * Medicine Boy and Other Cree Tales


 * Fred Bruemmer** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Children of the North


 * William Roy Brownridge** [[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * The Moccasin Goalie
 * The Final Game
 * Victory At Paradise Hill


 * Joseph Bruchac**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Fox Song
 * Thirteen Moons On Turtle's Back
 * The First Strawberries
 * Crazy Horse's Vision
 * A Boy Called Slow


 * Eve Bunting**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Cheyenne Again
 * Moonstick - The Seasons of the Sioux


 * Wilfred Burton**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * Fiddle Dancer (also written by Anne Patton)
 * Dancing in My Bones


 * Jeanne Bushey** - born in[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]], immigrated to[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Orphans in the Sky
 * A Sled Dog For Moshi


 * Michael J. Caduto** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]] **& Joseph Bruchac** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Keepers of the Night


 * Maria Campbell** [[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * Little Badger and the Fire Spirit
 * People of the Buffalo
 * Riel's People


 * Nicola Campbell** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Shi-shi-etko


 * Anne Cameron** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * April Raintree


 * Veronika Martenova Charles**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Maiden Of The Mist: A Legend of Niagara Falls
 * Teacher Resources - Study Guides to Books


 * Lynn Cherry**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * A River Ran Wild
 * Official Website


 * Elizabeth Cleaver** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * How Summer Came To Canada
 * The Enchanted Caribou
 * The Loon's Necklace


 * Judith Cole**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Moon, The Sun and The Coyote


 * Penny Condon**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * My Family


 * Jean Craighead George**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Nutik, The Wolf Pup
 * Amoroq and Nutik Play Ball
 * Snow Bear
 * Official Website


 * Allan Crow**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Crying Christmas Tree


 * Beth & Stan Cutland**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * The Little Duck: Sikihpsis


 * Lydia Dabcovich**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Polar Bear Son


 * Debby Dahl-Edwardson**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Whale Snow
 * Official Website


 * Father Jean De Brebeuf** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Huron Carol


 * Sandra De Coteau Ortie**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Did You Hear The Wind Sing Your Name


 * Deborah l. Delaronde** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Flour Sack Flora
 * Flour Sack Friends


 * Monica Devine**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Carry Me, Mama


 * Kim Doner**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Buffalo Dreams
 * Green Snake Ceremony
 * Official Site


 * Leah Dorion**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * Snow Tunnel Sisters
 * Official Site


 * Lois Duncan (Shonto Begay)**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Magic of Spider Woman


 * Mindy Dwyer** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Aurora: A Tale of the Northern Lights
 * Official Site


 * Earl Einarson** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Moccasins


 * Peter Eyvindson** [[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * The Night Rebecca Stayed Too Late
 * The Yesterday Stone
 * Red Parka Mary
 * The Missing Sun
 * Jon & The Great One
 * Kyle's Bath
 * Old Enough
 * A Crow named Joe


 * Sherry Farrell Racette** [[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * The Flower Beadwork People


 * Naif J. Faris** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Bryon and His Balloon


 * Joseph Jean Fauchon**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Metis Alphabet Book


 * John W. Friesen**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Sayings of the Elders


 * Jeff Funnell**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Riel Series


 * Emmett "Shkeme" Garcia**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Coyote and The Sky


 * Carole Gerber**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Arctic Dreams
 * Official Site


 * Paul Goble** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Iktomi and The Coyote
 * Iktomi and the Buffalo Skull
 * Buffalo Women
 * The Girl Who Loved Wild Horses
 * Storm Maker's Tipi
 * The Return of the Buffaloes
 * Adopted by the Eagles


 * Dorothy Haegert**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Children of the First People


 * Lyn Hancock** - born in [[image:australia-flag.jpg width="41" height="29"]], lives in [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Northwest Territories Canada's Last Frontier
 * Official Site


 * Ted Harrison**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * A Northern Alphabet
 * Official Site


 * Garnet Hewitt**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Ytek and the Arctic Orchid


 * Brian Heinz**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Kayuktuk: An Arctic Quest


 * Tomson Highway** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Caribou Song
 * Dragonfly Kites
 * Fox On The Ice

Official Site
 * Sara Hoagland-Hunter** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Unbreakable Code


 * Will Hobbs** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Beardream
 * Official Site


 * Suzanne Haldane**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Lakota Hoop Dancer


 * Susan Jeffers** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Brother Eagle, Sister Sky
 * Official Site


 * Tim Jessell**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Amorak


 * Barbara Joosse** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Mama, Do You Love Me?
 * Official Site


 * Thomas King** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Coyote Columbus Story
 * Coyote's New Suit


 * W. P. Kinsella**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * Two Spirits Soar


 * Leanne Flett Kruger**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Taking Care of Mother Earth

Arctic Stories
 * Michael Kusugak** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]


 * Charles Larry**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Peboan & Seegwun


 * Cynthia Leitich Smith** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Jingle Dancer


 * George Littlechild**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * This Land Is My Land
 * How the Birch Tree Got Its Stripes
 * Official Site


 * Jonathan London**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Fire Race: A Karuk Coyote Tale of How Fire Came to the People>


 * Larry Loyie** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * As Long As The Rivers Flow
 * The Gathering Tree
 * When The Spirits Dance


 * Brittany Marceau-Chenkie**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Naya: The Inuit Cinderella
 * Naya: The Turkey Girl (written also by Penny Pollock)
 * Naya: The Rough Face Girl (written also by Rafe Martin)


 * Carolyn Mamchur** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * In The Garden


 * Bill Martin Jr.**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]] **and John Archambault** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Knots On a Counting Rope


 * Rafe Martin**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Rough Face Girl
 * Official Website


 * Becky Ray McCain** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Grandmother's Dreamcatcher
 * Dreamcatcher (also written by Audrey Osofsky)
 * Isaac's Dreamcatcher (also written by Bonnie Farmer)


 * Gerald McDermott** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Coyote: A Trickster Tale From The American Southwest
 * Raven: A Trickster Tale From The Pacific Northwest


 * Joseph McLean**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Birth of Nanabosho


 * Joe McLellan**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Nanabosho Stories (many titles available)
 * Official Website


 * Elaine McLeod**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]] **& Colleen Wood** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Lessons From Mother Earth


 * Morningstar Mercredi**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Fort Chipewyan Homecoming


 * Courtney Milne**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * Spirit of the Land
 * Official Website


 * Barbara Mitchell** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Redbird


 * Paul Morin**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Animal Dreaming
 * The Mud Family (also written by Betsy James)


 * Bonnie Murray** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Li Paviyon di Michif
 * Li Minoush
 * Li Saennchur Fleshii di Michif: Thomas and the Metis Sash


 * Sylvia Olsen** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Yetsa's Sweater


 * Simon Ortiz** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The People Shall Continue


 * Jerrie Oughton**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * How The Stars Fall Into The Sky


 * Paul Owen Lewis** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Storm Boy
 * Frog Girl


 * J. D. Panas** [[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * The Beavers' Big House


 * Darrell Pelletier**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * The Pow-Wow
 * The Big Storm
 * Aflred's Summer
 * Lisa and Sam
 * Alfred's First Day at School


 * Jean Pendziwol**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Red Sash


 * Laura Petrovello**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Spirit that Moves Us


 * Ferguson Plain**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Eagle Feather: An Honour
 * Grandfather Drum
 * Rolly's Bear
 * Amikoone: Little Beaver


 * Thelma Poirier**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Bead Pot


 * Sherry Farrell Racette**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Flower Beadwork People


 * Kevin Reed**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Aboriginal Peoples: Building for the Future


 * Gordon Regguinti**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Sacred Harvest


 * Trish Fox Roman**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Voices Under One Sky


 * Peter Roop**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Hidden Buffalo (also written by Rudy Weibe)


 * E.T. Russell**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * What's in a Name: Saskatchewan Place Names


 * Esther Sanderson**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Two Pairs of Shoes


 * Robert San Souci**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Legend of Scarface: A Blackfeet Indian Tale
 * Sootface - An Ojibwa Cinderella Story


 * Chiori Santiago**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Home To Medicine Mountain


 * Allen Sapp**[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * I Heard the Drums


 * Murdo Scribe**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Murdo''s Story: A Legend from Northern Manitoba


 * Bruce Sealey**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Cuthbert Grant and the Metis


 * Teri Sloat**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Hungry Giant of the Tundra
 * Berry Magic
 * Official Website


 * Andrea Spalding**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Solomon's Tree
 * Secret of the Dance(also written by Alfred Snow)
 * Official Website


 * Jean F. Speare** [[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]
 * The Big Tree and The Little Tree


 * Joanne Stanbridge **[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Poundmaker - Peace Chief
 * Official Website


 * Jana Stone**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Every Part of the Earth is Sacred


 * David Suzuki**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Sacred Balance


 * Chief Jake Swamp**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Giving Thanks


 * Maria Tallchief**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Maria Tallchief: America's Prima Ballerina


 * C. J. Taylor**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Bones In The Basket
 * The Ghost and Lone Warrior
 * The Secret of the White Buffalo
 * Little Water and the Gift of the Animals
 * How Two Feathers was Saved from Loneliness
 * The Monster From the Swamp


 * Madeline Katt Theriault**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Moose to Moccasins: The Story of Ka Kita Wa Pa No Kwe


 * Maxine Trottier**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Dreamstones
 * Storm at Batoche
 * Official Website


 * Jan Truss** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Peter's Moccasins


 * Richard Van Camp** [[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * What's The Most Beautiful Thing About Wild Horses
 * A Man Called Raven
 * This Land is My Land
 * Official Website


 * Elaine Wagner** [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Meshon & The Little One


 * Velma Wallis**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Two Old Women


 * Sherrin Watkins**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * White Bead Ceremony
 * Green Snake Ceremony


 * John Weier**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Those Tiny Bits Of Beans


 * Bernelda Wheeler**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * I Can't Have Bannock But Beaver Has A Dam
 * Where Did You Get Your Moccasins?
 * A Friend Called Chum


 * Jordan Wheeler**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Just a Walk
 * Achimoona: Native Stories


 * Janet Wilson**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Imagine That


 * Barbara Winslow**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Dance On A Sealskin


 * David Wisniewski**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * The Wave of the Sea Wolf


 * Leo Yerxa**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Last Leaf First Snowflake to Fall
 * A Fish Tale
 * Ancient Thunder


 * Jane Yolen**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Sky Dogs(also written by Barry Mosely)
 * Official Website

Alphabet Books Alphabetically by Title A Northern Alphabet
 * Written by Ted Harrison[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

D Is For Drum: An Alphabet of Native America
 * Written by Michael & Debbie Shoulders[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

Many Nations
 * Written by Joseph Bruchac[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

M is for Maple - Canadian Alphabet
 * Written by Mike Ulmer[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]


 * The ABC's of Our Spiritual Connection**
 * Written by Kim Son Goodtrack [[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]](Official Website)


 * The Metis Alphabet Book**
 * Written by Joseph Fauchon[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

Emergent (Levelled) Book Sets
 * EagleCrest Books[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]- Level 1 - 16
 * **Level 1:** School is Fun, Going Outside, Picking Flowers, My Grandma
 * **Level 2:** My Buddy, My Grandpa, The Raven, Big & Little
 * **Level 3:** Louie's Hat, The Hungry Pony, The Water Toys, Holly's Surprise
 * **Level 4:** The Hawk Drum, The Eagle
 * **Level 5:** The Raven Necklace, Where is Fluffy?
 * **Level 6:** The Picnic
 * **Level 7:** The Lost Necklace, Helping with Baby
 * **Level 8:** Going to the Store, Fluffy's Accident, Helping Grandma
 * **Level 9:** Picking Blackberries, The Tree Fort
 * **Level 10:** The Best Bread, Fun on the Shed
 * **Level 11:** Tree Fort Adventure, Anthony's New Glasses, Crabs for Dinner
 * **Level 12:** Hot Moose Stew, The Dream Catcher
 * **Level 13:** Best Friends, Lost & Found
 * **Level 14:** At The Park, Going Camping
 * **Level 15:** A Bunny to Love, The Sleepover Party, Dean's Fish, Spear Fishing with Dad
 * **L****evel 16:** The Powwow, The Dog Sled Ride
 * Loon Books[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]] (Northern Learn To Read Series)

Beginner Novels: Grades 2 - 4 Alphabetically by Author
 * Joseph Bruchac**[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Eagle Song


 * Cora Taylor**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Angelique: Angel in the Snow
 * Angelique: Autumn Alone
 * Angelique: Buffalo Hunt
 * Angelique: The Long Way Home
 * Official Site


 * Sylvia Olsen**[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]
 * Catching Spring
 * Murphy and Mousetrap

Intermediate Novels: Grades 4 - 8

Alphabetically by Title Blueberry Clouds
 * Written by Rita Bouvier[[image:saskatchewan-flag-large.png width="39" height="21"]]

Crossing Bok Chitto: A Choctaw Tale of Friendship and Freedom
 * Written by Tim Tingle[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

Good For Nothing
 * Written by Michel Noel[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

Little Voice
 * Written by Ruby Slipperjack[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

Melanie Bluelake's Dream
 * Written by Betty Dorion[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

Sitting Bull Remembers
 * Written by Ann Turner[[image:american-flag.4860808.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

Soldier Boys
 * Written by David Richards[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

The Bannock Making Book
 * Written by Linda Ducharme[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

The Woman who Married a Bear
 * Written by Elizabeth James[[image:canada_flag.jpg width="34" height="23"]]

Additional Resources
 * The Metis Alphabet Book - Study Prints** (available from the Gabriel Dumont Institute or some schools have them within their library collection) contain approx. 26 large cards with a picture depicting the letter of the alphabet on the front and additional information and activities about the topic picture on the back.

= = =Arts Education=

**Dance**

 * __Drum Circles__**
 * Also can be used within the Physical Education and Social Studies curriculum

Music
__**Making Native Flutes in Saskatchewan**__
 * **Rich Dube** from Saskatoon, SK has a goal that each and every student in Saskatchewan will have a Native Flute in their hand. In order to do this project in your classroom, it costs only $12 per student and all of the materials necessary come pre-made and the pipe comes pre-tuned from Rich.
 * He also provides a step by step video in making his flute which can be viewed here

- Instructions provided by Rich Dube in regards to extra materials needed (power drill, paint etc.) as well as tips on how to set up your classroom. - All of the fingerings in scale format - A design sheet for students to to create their flute design before painting - Pre-made letter to send home to parents/guardians - Instructions in regards to drill bits sizes for flute finger holes

- Various Aboriginal and First Nations sheet music with activities included. - List of a variety of First Nations and Metis Artists as well as where to find their music.
 * __Additional Music Resources:__**

Visual Art
= = = = = = = = = = Teacher Resources
 * __Student Self Portraits__** - A project started by Sarah Longman, a Education Equity consultant with the Regina Public School Board. Students choose the top five or four things in their life that are important to them and then turn these topics to symbols and incorporate these symbols onto a canvas.
 * Canvases are easily available at various dollar stores ($1 - 2 each)

Books/Magazines
A Broken Flute: The Native Experience in Books for Children Native Reflections Magazine -
 * Written by Doris Seale & Beverly Slapin

First Nations/Metis/Aboriginal Websites
Aboriginal Perspectives - Canadian Aboriginal Books for Schools - Gabriel Dumont Institute -